Kalu Diya Pokuna Natural Black Water pond

The mastery of water management and hydraulics shown by the ancient Sri Lankan kings is a key feature of the country’s cultural heritage. Not only for food production, but also the solace and comfort that soothes the soul and lifts the spirits. The Kalu Diya Pokuna, or natural black-water pond, is a centerpiece of the Anuradhapura ruins, may have got its name from the darkly beautiful rocks, trees and mountains that were reflected in its still waters. Moats, bath houses and toilets were features of the complex of monastic buildings that surround the pond, including a stupa and an uposathaghara, or poyage, where monks met to perform rituals relating to their conduct and behavior. There was also a cankamana patha (promenade for walking), parivena and pasada (residential cells), janta ghara (bath house) and a vacca kutti (lavatory). Two further ponds—Naga pokuna and Sinha pokuna—underscore the history of Anuradhapura add to the tranquility of the scene, which must be an early example of how to achieve the best balance of architectural form and function.